Recon and scoping
Map a target's attack surface — subdomains, content, parameters, and stack.
You can’t exploit what you haven’t found. Most real findings come from surface the defenders forgot about — old endpoints, staging hosts, hidden parameters.
Enumerate subdomains
Passive sources give you hostnames without touching the target:
subfinder -d example.com -silent | tee subs.txtThen resolve which are live:
cat subs.txt | httpx -silent -status-code -titleDiscover content
Crawl and brute-force for hidden paths and parameters:
ffuf -u https://example.com/FUZZ \ -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/raw.txt \ -mc 200,204,301,302,401,403Fingerprint the stack
whatweb https://example.comKnowing the framework, server, and CMS tells you which bug classes to prioritize.
Keep a living map of hosts, endpoints, inputs, and trust boundaries — then start hunting bug classes.